Earnings quality refers to how reliable, sustainable, and genuine a company’s reported profits are. High-quality earnings usually come from core operations and strong cash generation, rather than one-time gains or aggressive accounting. It helps users judge whether reported profits truly reflect business performance.
Extraordinary Expense
An extraordinary expense is a rare and unusual expense that does not arise from ordinary business operations. It may result from events such as...
Extraordinary Depreciation
Extraordinary depreciation refers to additional depreciation charged because of unusual damage, rapid obsolescence, or abnormal circumstances affecting an asset. It goes beyond normal wear...
External Stakeholders
External stakeholders are individuals or groups outside the business who have an interest in its financial performance. These include investors, lenders, customers, regulators, suppliers,...
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